《自然》子刊：补维D番茄就可以

译介 2023-06-20

收录于合集 #双语精选 46个

维生素D有着促进皮肤细胞生长、分化及调节免疫功能作用。缺乏维他命D会导致佝偻病和骨软化症等疾病。

正常情况下，人类通过暴露于阳光下、膳食摄入和维生素D补充等途径补充维生素D。食物来源以含脂肪高的海鱼、动物肝、蛋黄、奶油相对较多。

近期，英国科学家通过基因编辑技术，让西红柿成为了维他命D的新来源。他们是如何做到的？这一研究突破又具有哪些意义？让我们跟随文章，一探究竟吧！

British scientists create new source of

Vitamin D with gene-edited tomatoes

英国科学家利用基因编辑技术

将西红柿变成维生素D的新来源

British scientists have used a genome editing process to create a new source of Vitamin D in tomatoes as a way to help address malnutrition.

目前，英国科学家已经利用基因编辑工程，使西红柿成为维生素D的新来源，以此来帮助人们解决营养不良的问题。

The amount of provitamin D3, the precursor to vitamin D, is equal to that of two medium sized eggs, or about two tablespoons of tuna in the genetically edited tomatoes, the study published Monday in Nature Plants said.

上周一，一篇发表在《自然植物》（Nature Plants）上的研究报告显示，这种基因改造的西红柿中，含有大量的维生素D3原（维生素D的前体），相当于两个中型鸡蛋或大约两汤匙金枪鱼的含量。

Tomatoes naturally produce the precursor to vitamin D, which is later converted into other chemicals, but plant biologist Cathie Martin at the John Innes Centre in Norwich, Britain, and her colleagues shut down the pathway to conversion, allowing the precursor to accumulate.

西红柿会天然产生维生素D的前体，随后转化为其他化学物质，但来自英国诺里奇约翰英纳斯研究中心的植物学家团队凯西·马丁和她的同事通过基因编辑，阻断了这一转化途径，使维生素D的前体在西红柿中大量积累。

When these tomatoes are exposed to ultraviolet light in the laboratory, some of the provitamin D3 is converted into D3.

当这些西红柿在实验室照射紫外线时，一些维生素D3原就会被转化为维生素D3。

Still, the gene-edited tomatoes have not been developed for commercial use, and it is not yet known how they will fare when grown outside, a statement on the study noted.

研究指出，尽管如此，这种基因编辑的西红柿还未用作商业用途，而且我们还不知道它们在室外生长的情况如何。

Outdoor field trials are expected to begin in Britain next month, The Guardian reported, which could help address malnutrition tied to deficiency of the vitamin, especially in vegans.

据《卫报》报道，户外田间试验预计于下个月在英国开展，这可能有助于解决与维生素缺乏有关的营养不良问题，特别是针对一些素食者来说。

The publication of the new study follows British health secretary Sajid Javid announcing last month that there would be an official review to examine food and drink supplementation with vitamin D to close health inequalities related to vitamin D deficiencies.

新研究发表之前，英国卫生部部长萨吉德·贾维德上个月宣布，英国将进行官方审查，包括检测食品和饮料中维生素D的补给情况，以解决与维生素D缺乏有关的健康差异问题。

The study was launched after evidence surfaced that around one in six adults in Britain had low levels of vitamin D, which could lead to disabilities and bone pain, officials said.

官方表示，这项研究是在有公开证据的情况下发表的，英国约有六分之一的成年人维生素D水平低下，这可能导致残疾和骨痛。

The evidence showed nearly 20% of children in Britain have vitamin D levels below government recommendations, and older people, the housebound, and Black and South Asian communities were also more likely to have lower levels of the vitamin.

证据还显示，英国近20%的儿童的维生素D水平低于政府建议的水平，老年人、居家者、黑人和南亚群体的维生素D水平可能更低。

A main source of vitamin D, needed for bone, teeth and muscle health, comes from sunlight, but there is not enough sunlight during late fall, early spring and winter months in Britain to obtain it. This means that they rely on dietary sources instead, which is especially challenging for vegans since plants are generally poor sources of the nutrient.

维生素D主要来自阳光，它是骨骼、牙齿和肌肉健康发展的必需元素，但英国的秋末、初春和冬季都没有足够的阳光。这意味着人们要依靠饮食来获取维生素D，这对素食主义者来说极具挑战，因为蔬菜通常很少提供这种营养物质。

"Gene-editing tomatoes to accumulate provitamin D3 at levels above recommended dietary guidelines could result in better health for many especially as tomatoes are a widely accessible and readily eaten food," Guy Poppy, a professor of ecology at the University of Southampton, told The Guardian.

南安普顿大学生态学教授盖伊·波比告诉《卫报》：“通过对西红柿进行基因编辑，使其积累的维生素D3原高于膳食指南的建议水平，这可能会使许多人的健康状况得到改善，因为西红柿十分普及且食用方便。”

今日词汇

gene-edited=genetically edited adj. 基因编辑的

gene-edit v. 基因编辑

precursor n. （尤指经新陈代谢形成另一种物质的）前体，前质

malnutrition n. 营养不良

provitamin n. 维他命原；前维生素

precursor n.（事物的）前身

tablespoon n. 大汤匙

Nature Plants 《自然植物》

ultraviolet light 紫外线

supplementation n. 增补

surface v. 显露

翻译讨论

我们来学习一下文章第七段的译法：

The publication of the new study follows // British health secretary Sajid Javid announcing last month // that there would be an official review // to examine food and drink supplementation with vitamin D // to close health inequalities related to vitamin D deficiencies.

调整前：新研究发表之前，英国卫生部部长萨吉德·贾维德上个月宣布，英国将官方检测维生素D在食品和饮料中的补充情况来消除与维生素D缺乏有关的健康差异现象。

调整后：新研究发表之前，英国卫生部部长萨吉德·贾维德上个月宣布，英国将进行官方审查，包括检测食品和饮料中维生素D的补给情况，以解决与维生素D缺乏有关的健康差异问题。

本句是长难句，需要断句之后翻译。

首先，由follow可知，是在新研究发表之前，卫生部长宣布了下一步计划；

后面句子较长，可以按照句子成分一步步翻译：

卫生部长宣布→会有官方审查→（第一个to论述官方审查进行方式)即检测维生素D→（第二个to论述官方审查目的）消除健康差异问题。

译者：应用型笔译班学员Judy

审校：Jennifer

排版：Joan

英文来源：Upi

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